The Secret Behind "Lisa Marie Presley" Death, Causes, Symptoms, Intervention and Prevention

Who is " Lisa Marie Presley"?

L.M.Presley, the only child of Elvis Presley, died Jan. 12 at the age of 54. according to cbsnews The medical examiner's reported that Presley's obstruction was caused by "adhesive blockage that developed during bariatric surgery years ago. This is a known long term complication of this type of surgery."

So what is "Bariatric surgery"? 

Bariatric surgery is a common weight loss surgery that is used to treat obesity. While the surgery can be effective in helping patients lose weight and improve their health, it is not without risks. One of the most common complications of bariatric surgery is bowel obstruction. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, surgical intervention, prognosis, and treatment of bowel obstruction as a common complication of bariatric surgery.

Causes of Bowel Obstruction

Bowel obstruction occurs when the intestines are blocked, preventing food and waste from passing through. In the context of bariatric surgery, bowel obstruction can be caused by a number of factors, including:

Adhesions: Adhesions are bands of scar tissue that can form after surgery. These adhesions can wrap around the intestine, causing a blockage.

Hernias: Hernias can occur after bariatric surgery when the abdominal muscles weaken and allow the intestine to bulge through.

Twisted bowel: In some cases, the intestine can become twisted, causing a blockage.

Intussusception: Intussusception occurs when one part of the intestine slides into another part, causing a blockage.

Symptoms of Bowel Obstruction

The symptoms of bowel obstruction can vary depending on the severity of the blockage. Some of the most common symptoms include:

Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is often the first symptom of bowel obstruction. The pain may be crampy or sharp and may be located in the lower abdomen.

Nausea and vomiting: Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of bowel obstruction. The vomiting may be severe and may contain bile or blood.

Constipation: Constipation is a common symptom of bowel obstruction. Patients may experience bloating, abdominal distention, and difficulty passing stool.

Diarrhea: In some cases, patients with bowel obstruction may experience diarrhea as the body tries to push waste past the blockage.

Dehydration: Dehydration can occur if the patient is unable to drink or keep down fluids due to vomiting.

Surgical Intervention for Bowel Obstruction

In most cases, surgical intervention is necessary to treat bowel obstruction. The type of surgery will depend on the underlying cause of the obstruction. Some of the most common surgical interventions include:

Adhesiolysis: Adhesiolysis is a surgical procedure that is used to remove adhesions that are causing bowel obstruction.

Hernia repair: Hernia repair surgery is used to repair a hernia that is causing bowel obstruction.

Bowel resection: Bowel resection surgery is used to remove a portion of the intestine that is damaged or blocked.

Intussusception reduction: Intussusception reduction is a procedure that is used to push the intestine back into its normal position.

Prognosis of Bowel Obstruction

The prognosis for bowel obstruction after bariatric surgery depends on several factors, including the severity of the obstruction, the underlying cause, and the patient's overall health. In general, patients who receive prompt treatment have a better prognosis than those who delay seeking medical attention. Patients with severe bowel obstruction may require additional surgery or may experience long-term complications, such as chronic constipation or malnutrition.

Treatment of Bowel Obstruction

In addition to surgical intervention, there are several other treatments that may be used to manage bowel obstruction. These treatments include:

Bowel rest: Bowel rest involves withholding food and drink to allow the intestine to rest and heal.

Fluid replacement: Patients with bowel obstruction may require fluids to prevent dehydration.

Pain management: Pain medication may be prescribed to manage abdominal pain.

Medications to promote bowel movement: In some cases, medications may be used to promote bowel movement and help pass the blockage.

Nutritional support: Patients with bowel obstruction may need nutritional support, such as intravenous (IV) nutrition, to prevent malnutrition.

Conclusion

Bowel obstruction is a common complication of bariatric surgery that can be caused by adhesions, hernias, twisted bowel, or intussusception. Patients with bowel obstruction may experience abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, and dehydration. Surgical intervention is often necessary to treat bowel obstruction, and the type of surgery will depend on the underlying cause. Patients who receive prompt treatment have a better prognosis than those who delay seeking medical attention. In addition to surgical intervention, bowel rest, fluid replacement, pain management, medications to promote bowel movement, and nutritional support may be used to manage bowel obstruction.

Resources

American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS): The ASMBS is a professional organization that provides information on bariatric surgery and related complications. Their website includes information on bowel obstruction and other surgical complications.

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK): The NIDDK is a research institute of the National Institutes of Health that provides information on digestive disorders and related conditions. Their website includes information on bowel obstruction and other digestive disorders.

American College of Surgeons (ACS): The ACS is a professional organization that provides information on surgical procedures and related complications. Their website includes information on bowel obstruction and other surgical complications.

Mayo Clinic: The Mayo Clinic is a medical center that provides information on a wide range of medical conditions, including bowel obstruction. Their website includes information on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of bowel obstruction.

MedlinePlus: MedlinePlus is a website maintained by the National Library of Medicine that provides information on a wide range of medical conditions and related topics. Their website includes information on bowel obstruction and other digestive disorders.